macOS system language detection.

It appears the system language detection doesn't work on [some versions
of?] macOS.  Fixed.

Strangely, querying the Cocoa API for the system locale on a system in
US with the preferred language set to Korean produces the invalid locale
"ko-US" instead of the expected "ko-KR".  This behavior of returning the
language with a invalid region qualifier for the language appears to
happen only with languages where macOS does not have regional variants
(this issue does not seem to occur with Canadian English, en-CA, for
example.)  A fuzzy matching locale function has been added to handle
this issue.

docs/CHANGES.txt

@@ -113,6 +113,9 @@ http://www.tuxpaint.org/
     * Tux Paint for macOS can now localize the macOS menubar.
       Mark Kim <markuskimius@gmail.com>
 
+    * Tux Paint for macOS can now detect the system language.
+      Mark Kim <markuskimius@gmail.com>
+
     * Updated `src/po/check_translations.sh` sanity-checking script
       so it properly finds the updated docs & other changes.
       Bill Kendrick <bill@newbreedsoftware.com>

src/i18n.c

@@ -47,6 +47,12 @@
 #include <wctype.h>
 #endif
 
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+#include "macos.h"
+#elif defined(__IOS__)
+#include "ios.h"
+#endif
+
 
 /* Globals: */
 
@@ -790,7 +796,7 @@ static void ctype_utf8(void)
 }
 
 /**
- * For a given language, return its local, or exit with a usage error.
+ * For a given language, return its locale, or exit with a usage error.
  *
  * @param langstr Name of language (e.g., "german")
  * @return Locale (e.g., "de_DE.UTF-8")
@@ -811,6 +817,47 @@ static const char *language_to_locale(const char *langstr)
   return NULL;
 }
 
+/**
+ * For a given locale, return the known locale that matches it closest, or exit
+ * with a usage error.
+ *
+ * @param  inlocale       Name of some locale (e.g., "ko_US")
+ * @return Known locale.  (e.g., "ko_KR.UTF-8")
+ */
+static const char *locale_to_closest_locale(const char *inlocale)
+{
+  const int numlocale = sizeof(language_to_locale_array) / sizeof(language_to_locale_array[0]);
+  const char* outlocale = NULL;
+  int outlocale_score = 0;
+  int i = 0;
+  int j = 0;
+
+  /* find the locale with the longest string match */
+  for (i=0; i<numlocale; i++)
+    {
+      const char* candidate = language_to_locale_array[i].locale;
+
+      for (j=0; j<strlen(inlocale) && j<strlen(candidate); j++)
+        {
+          if(inlocale[j] != candidate[j]) break;
+        }
+
+      if (j > outlocale_score)
+        {
+          outlocale = candidate;
+          outlocale_score = j;
+        }
+    }
+
+  /* locale must match at least three characters */
+  if (outlocale_score < 3)
+    {
+      outlocale = NULL;
+    }
+
+  return outlocale;
+}
+
 /**
  * Set language ("langint" global) based on a given locale;
  * will try a few ways of checking, is case-insensitive, etc.
@@ -1225,7 +1272,13 @@ int setup_i18n(const char *restrict lang, const char *restrict locale, int * num
         }
     }
   else
-    locale = "";
+    {
+      #if defined(__APPLE__)
+        locale = locale_to_closest_locale(apple_locale());
+      #else
+        locale = "";
+      #endif
+    }
 
   if (lang)
     locale = language_to_locale(lang);

src/ios.h

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 
 
 void apple_init(void);
+const char *apple_locale(void);
 const char *apple_fontsPath(void);
 const char *apple_preferencesPath(void);
 const char *apple_globalPreferencesPath(void);

src/ios.m

@@ -49,6 +49,12 @@ void apple_init(void)
 }
 
 
+const char *apple_locale(void)
+{
+    return ""
+}
+
+
 const char *apple_fontsPath(void)
 {
     return IOS_FONTS_PATH;

src/macos.h

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 
 void apple_init(void);
+const char *apple_locale(void);
 const char *apple_fontsPath(void);
 const char *apple_preferencesPath(void);
 const char *apple_globalPreferencesPath(void);

src/macos.m

@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@
 #define MACOS_PICTURES_PATH           "%s/Pictures"
 
 
+static char *APPLE_LOCALE = NULL;
+
+
 static void setupApplicationMenu(void)
 {
     /*
@@ -130,10 +133,35 @@ static void removeSdlMenu(void)
 void apple_init(void)
 {
     /* Override SDL's default menu with our gettext-translatable menu.  We do
-     * this by adding our menus, then removing the menus installed by SDL. */
+     * this by removing the menus added by SDL, then adding ours. */
+    removeSdlMenu();
     setupApplicationMenu();
     setupWindowMenu();
-    removeSdlMenu();
+}
+
+
+const char *apple_locale(void)
+{
+    if(!APPLE_LOCALE) {
+        const char *locale = [[[NSLocale preferredLanguages] firstObject] UTF8String];
+
+        /* Copy to writable memory */
+        APPLE_LOCALE = strdup(locale);
+
+        if(!APPLE_LOCALE) {
+            perror("apple_locale");
+            return "C";  /* Default to C */
+        }
+
+        /* Change the locale hyphen separator to underscore (e.g., en-US to en_US) */
+        if(APPLE_LOCALE[2] == '-') {
+            APPLE_LOCALE[2] = '_';
+        }
+    }
+
+    DEBUG_PRINTF("locale=%s\n", APPLE_LOCALE);
+
+    return APPLE_LOCALE;
 }